Year-Round Schooling Free Essays

All year school presents a questionable issue that school locale battle with consistently. Similar contentions, realities, and insights are introduced every year, and by one way or another an end is never reached. Numerous individuals accept that all year school would be a positive development. We will compose a custom exposition test on All year Schooling or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now In spite of the fact that there are numerous positive advancements to all year school, the points of interest don't exceed the inconveniences of cost, breaks, excursions, business, and planning. The customary school schedule just like the equivalent since the 1800s. This schedule is the conventional 180-day framework with a multi month break for summer. It was not worked on the all year framework path back when since ranchers required their kids in the mid year to help tend the homesteads. Numerous individuals accept that this conventional style should change since it is obsolete, yet for what reason would it be advisable for us to change the calendar that our precursors made on the off chance that it despite everything works with no defects? All year school works on a 180-day framework, equivalent to the conventional schedule. The principle contrast between the two frameworks is the measure of time on break. There are numerous types of the all year schedule, as every individual school locale may pick whichever plan they accept will accommodate their schools the best. The most well known instances of these timetables include: 45-15, 60-20, and 90-30 (Kelly). These speak to the quantity of days going to class to the quantity of days off. These calendars would rehash again and again all year, so the understudies would just get little breaks occasionally consistently. In spite of the fact that these occasional splits would mean a similar measure of days understudies would get off throughout a late spring break, research says it would not help the scholastic accomplishment of the understudies. As it were, it isn't to what extent the children are in the homeroom, it is the manner by which occupied with learning they are while there will be there (Morin). Another case of why all year tutoring would not be a smart thought is on the grounds that it would isolate American families that are utilized to customary summer excursions. Families have consistently been acquainted with arranging summer exercises like excursions, reunions, and day camps. On the off chance that understudies were in school for most of the late spring, it would make it exceptionally hard for families to design these exercises and commonplace beloved recollections would lose all sense of direction in the mix of all year school. It is significant for children’s improvement to invest quality energy with loved ones and with all year tutoring, this basically would not occur. In addition to the fact that it would make hurt your normal family throughout the late spring, it would likewise hurt the school’s workers. All year school would put more request on school staff, for example, cafeteria, custodial and support administrations since they would need to make unique lodging for occasions, for example, graduation and moves. Additionally, instructors who might as a rule proceed with their own instructive professions during the late spring would need to discover interchange types of training because of their now unusable calendar (Vandewater). Alongside critical impediments, there are likewise unmistakable favorable circumstances related with all year tutoring. Some all year school advocates propose that a move in the time assigned for educating and learning will assist understudies with accomplishing more by minimalizing summer learning misfortune, taking into account development and usage of innovative projects, and by giving the time expected to help youngsters who need additional assistance (Lynch). By having breaks that are increasingly reliable, some state that shorter excursions may likewise assist understudies with holding data they would’ve overlooked over a two-month break. Essentially, shortening breaks will improve understudy accomplishment. Another genius would be the manner by which all year tutoring could supplant summer school, which numerous locale have dropped because of spending cuts. For understudies that generally go to summer school since they need remediation, all year school permits remediation to be tended to consistently. All in all, schools shouldn’t convert to all year tutoring on the grounds that it wouldn’t help any with learning misfortune over summer break, it would isolate families by suspending the customary youth summer, and it would hurt the schools’ representatives. In spite of the fact that all year tutoring seems as though it may have some potential, there are such a large number of blemishes engaged with it right presently to affirm that it would improving tutoring. The most effective method to refer to Year-Round Schooling, Papers

Glycolysis essays

Glycolysis articles 1. Talk about the total oxidation of glucose by the procedures of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Make certain to remember for which part of the cell each procedure happens. Try not to harp on subtleties and numerical parity of the responses, yet center around the significant reactants, items and goals of these items. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells need vitality to make proteins or DNA, to move, and to develop. The vitality utilized by the cells most regularly is provided from ATP, adenosine triphosphate. Sets of fundamental, biochemical responses are utilized to make this ATP, utilizing vitality caught from oxidation and glucose. The metabolic pathways that oxidize glucose to make ATP in the cell are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain. Glycolysis, a ten-advance, anaerobic, chemical catalyzed response, is the principal procedure associated with catching the vitality of glucose to make ATP. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells experience glycolysis in the cytosol of the cell. The initial 5 stages of glycolysis use ATP to phosphorylate glucose, a response that contributes ATP to drive the response forward. The initial step has glucose enter the cell, utilizing the compound hexokinase to catalyze the response, causing a venture of an atom of ATP. Thus, glucose 6-phosphate is combined. Stage two uses and isomerase known as phosphoglucoisamerase, to organize glucose 6-phosphate into its isomer fructose 6-phosphate. One more particle of ATP is then contributed, during stage three, due the protein phosphofructokinase. This produces fructose 1, 6-biphosphate, a 6-carbon sugar. During stage four, the chemical aldolase cuts the 6-carbon sugar into two 3-carbon sugars, known as dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde ph osphate. Stage five uses an isomerase to catalyze the reversible change between the two 3-carbon sugars. Because of this, balance is never accomplished. Of these two isomers, just glyceraldehyde phosphate move ... <!

Executive Summary of Starbucks

Rundown OF â€Å"Howard Schultz : Building Starbucks Community† This content talks about Howard Schultz and how he fabricated a Starbucks Community. * Early Years This man was the most seasoned of three kids in an unassuming group of Brooklyn. Surely, his dad joined 3 unique employments to help his family. His mom was a homemaker who transmits her qualities to her youngsters. She was a solid willed individual who needs a decent future for her kids with the regard of these qualities. Her dearest wish was that all set off for college. Howard, who puts stock in the American dream, felt that he needed to design his own future since he didn’t need to remain in Brooklyn.Indeed, he met a wide range of individuals who originated from various foundations. He said that â€Å"Diversity isn’t something I needed to learn. I lived it†. It’s a point which impacted his future conduct. During his high school, Howard and his dad conflicted regularly. He will acknowle dge later that occasionally you learn exercises, yet you don’t acknowledge them at the time. In any case, at the time he imagined that his dad could have achieved quite a lot more if just he had attempted. This regular administration capacity hung out in the schoolyard. The Sport’s area was the example.Indeed, it permits him to have a grant until University in Northern Michigan. In the wake of graduating, Schultz made a business student in New-York in Xerox. In spite of a decent salary, he didn’t like this activity for a few reasons: This Company was excessively bureaucratic, exacting and unbending and he didn’t have a voice. At long last, he didn’t discover a connection between this organization and his qualities. * Creating Starbucks Howard had as of now works in the field of espresso. So one day, he was experienced Starbucks Coffee and was exceptionally delicate to the item and the business.He said that he believed he had found a totally differe nt mainland. From that point onward, he joined Starbucks as a chief of activities and showcasing. He saw the colossal development capability of this Company particularly in the gourmet and food markets. He understood that during an excursion to Italy. Without a doubt, he saw the remarkable network experience that Milanese coffee bars played in their customers’ every day lives. He will be founded on this model to dispatch his own business: Il Giornale. This business was a chain of coffee bistros from Starbucks in downtown Seattle. It had three areas yet had not yet turned a profit.So for answer to this issue, Schultz intended to combine the new organization with the name of Starbucks Corporation. To be sure, this name was so known by clients. Be that as it may, the improvement of this business wasn’t so straightforward. The first where Schultz has confronted was the accompanying: One of these unique financial specialists proposed to buy Starbucks rather, on terms that w ould have significantly weakened his stake and that of his different speculators. Besides, speculators put focus on Schultz’s head. They said â€Å"If you don’t take this arrangement, you’ll never work in this town again. You’ll never raise another dollar.You’ll be hound meat†. As a pioneer, Howard Schultz didn’t disavowed. He arranged an elective arrangement dropped the weakening and he oversaw. * Growing Starbucks The father’s passing of Howard Schultz has totally changed his perspective. He understood that his father’s life wasn’t equivalent to hers. In those days there was no medical coverage and no workmen’s remuneration. Along these lines, he chose to make Starbucks the main American organization to give access to wellbeing inclusion to qualified representatives. For sure, this occasion is straightforwardly connected to the way of life and the estimations of Starbucks.He needed to assemble the ruler o f organization that his dad never got an opportunity to work for, where you would be esteemed and regarded regardless of where you originated from, the shade of your skin, or your switch of instruction. He needed to assemble an organization that connected investor incentive to the social qualities that he made with different workers of the organization. The first marketable strategy of Starbucks gave 125 new stores in multi year. In the principal year, the organization had effectively open 15 stores in Northwest urban communities with a solid espresso culture. The development was running.And for proceed at this pace, Schultz enlisted Howard Behar, an official 10 years his senior who had 25 years of retail experience. His task was to enhance because of client asks for and build up the client experience. In an other hand, Starbucks concentrated into qualities and culture of the stores, thinking that fulfilled and glad baristas made for fulfilled clients. For proceeding along these lin es, Schultz knew that development is inebriating and alluring yet additionally that it conceals a colossal measure of mistakes.To take care of this issue, he imparted capacity to other people. Surely, Schultz and Behar needed to remain in the method of their qualities so they chose to systematize the qualities in the organization crucial qualities articulation. It’s significant for the two chiefs to sharing the way of life of the organization in each Starbucks stores. This is the thing that recognizes this organization from others and permits it to proceeding with development. For arrive at this objective, there were two key: The first was to recruit individuals with similarly invested qualities and the second was to strengthen the qualities and culture of the company.The development of Starbucks making this own language into a typical use (like â€Å"latte†, â€Å"half-caf†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦). Schultz was likewise pleased with settling on troublesome decisions to leave be hind certain development openings and to remain centered. The new path embraced by Starbucks was to investigate advertising painstakingly chose. For instance, they were testing to joined music and espresso stores and other amusement adventures. It was a triumph. * Staying Grounded As a business visionary, Schultz ought to be faultless. For being that, he ought to become familiar with a few things like to oversee powerlessness and doubt.But for get him; there weren’t many individuals. So he chose to converse with Warren Bennis, a generally regarded administration and with a rabbi, during an excursion in Israel, where he had found out about the intensity of modesty. These exercises helped Howard to comprehend that achievement is best when it’s shared and be better in his business. * Whither Starbucks†¦ and Schultz? The expectation of Howard Schultz is that Starbucks can be a model for building an organization the correct way. Particularly he needs that the size of t he organization can’t delete the integrity.It’s a delineation of the perspective of Schultz. He made the most of each open door for conveying his message like in initiative gatherings for his senior supervisors in which he center around individuals and the human association, not on numbers. He additionally centered around the shopper particularly on client experience. The brand needs to have a major spot in customer’s life since it imagines that it needs to be the â€Å"third place in customers’ lives between the home and the workplace. For that, Starbuck offers a worldwide range from espresso to CD’s with the music that you can discover in Starbucks stores.To join these two desire, Starbucks reacts to client request which is: Hungry for mankind and credibility. * The Schultz E-mail After the enormous accomplishment of Starbucks, Howard Schultz was stressed over one significant thing for him: With the development, Starbucks could lose the individu al sentiment of the local café which Howard Schultz needed to make. In fact, at his appearance, his objective was to create Starbucks as a model organization including budgetary execution and principally the regard of the human relationship. Be that as it may, this desire wasn’t easy to apply in the reality.Indeed, Starbucks had become the quickest developing chain throughout the entire existence of retailing: The brand started with three stores in Seattle for reach, twenty years back, 40,000 outlets around the world. This extraordinary extension permits Starbucks to take part in rivalry with the enormous organization like McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts. In spite of this achievement in monetarily field, an inquiry for Schultz was basic: Had Starbucks lost its spirit during the time spent turning into a worldwide brand? For having an answer, Schultz chose to send an E-mail to Jim Donald, Starbucks new CEO, with duplicates to individuals from the official team.In his mail, Schult z clarified his perspective about the circumstance of Starbucks as of now. He said that the development had not a decent impact in the client experience. He depicted Starbucks with the sterility and the consistency of store stylistic layout. The turnover is the main goal than the little espresso legacy of the brand and bargained the â€Å"passion for coffee†. He send this mail and held up the reaction of the senior group. Schultz ’memo was distributed on â€Å"Starbucks Gossip†, a site about Starbucks, the encounters and assessments of the clients and representatives. Thus, we could discover a few bits of gossip in this about the company.But when the reminder was open, the corporate correspondence had attempted to deal with the emergency and the arrangement was to post an affirmation that the notice was legitimate. For keeping a decent picture, Starbucks chose to situate this reminder as another method of the organization. To be sure, it clarified that Starbucks â€Å"reinventing itself, saying it mirrored the company’s reasoning that progressing achievement was not naturally a given†. It made a buzz on Internet and in Press. The Wall Street Journal committed an article about Schultz’s notice with 1,500 words and a few sites like â€Å"BusinessWeek. om†, â€Å"Bloomberg. com†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Joe Nocera’s Challenge The buzz proceeded with about fourteen days after the fact when the business writer for New York Times, Joe Nocera, composed an article about Howard Schultz in his segment â€Å"Talking Business†. He concentrated on the two characters of Schultz. So the name of article was â€Å"Two Howard Schultz†. In the first place, he depicted Schultz as a

The Attitudes toward the role of women from a religious standpoint Research Paper

The Attitudes toward the job of ladies from a strict angle - Research Paper Example This suggests the way that ladies in Buddhist Asia were, from very right off the bat, treated obviously superior to their partners in different pieces of Asia. Most perceptions on Buddhist ladies in the late nineteenth and mid twentieth century are made by Europeans who ended up in Asia around this period. The most momentous element about Buddhist ladies to these early authors was their benefit. Sir Charles Bell a British Political Representative in Tibet, Bhutan and Sikkim, wrote in 1928 that heading out to Tibet from India and China presents the guest with a feeling that Tibetan ladies are not kept in seclusion as their Indian partners. Actually, the Tibetan ladies blend with the other gender and are subsequently calm with men (Dewaraja 4). The most significant thing to note is that the announcement ladies on the planet is a reference to European ladies around then ever. These ladies are as yet battling to walk side by side with their male partners. In Buddhism, subjection of ladies is given a strict authorization. As indicated by the Law of Karma, one’s activities in the past will decide one’s situation of riches, influence, ability and even sex in future births. One is renewed a lady due to one’s awful Karma. In light of such strict laws, perspectives towards ladies are not handily changed. Today ladies in Buddhism much like their antecedents 100 years back battle with such difficulties. At the bleeding edge of this battle is Sakyadhita or girls of Buddha. This is a worldwide system of Buddhist ladies planned for improving their status through meetings, suppers and conversation gatherings. At the turn of the twentieth century, the mentality towards the job of ladies in Christianity was a lot of like that in Buddhism as saw by European Asian pilgrims. Be that as it may, ladies in Christianity during this period were related with training.

50 Of The Best Poetry Books By Authors of Contemporary Works

50 Of The Best Poetry Books By Authors of Contemporary Works There seems to be a bit of an aversion to poetry in our culture. Something happens to us when we’re in schoolâ€"we’re given Walt Whitman or Emily Dickinson or Robert Frost, and we don’t really feel like we can relate so easily to it. Then we’re told to dissect the meaning of every line, told to identify the meter and rhyme scheme, told to break down the poem like it’s a math equation. Somehow, in these lessons, poetry begins to feel far away from us. It begins to feel maybe elitist, or stuffy, or too difficult to understand. And like many things do, it becomes something to study, rather than something to enjoy. I, personally, don’t ever remember being asked how a poem made me feel, or what I liked about it. But the world of poetry is vibrant and thriving, filled with voices that seem to reach out and take our hand, that let us know we’re understood, we’re not alone. And that’s what poetry can do. A great poem can help us put words to feelings we couldn’t explain before, or help us empathize with something new, or reaffirm our place in the world. And a great poem can touch that lonely, dark part of our hearts and wake us up, bring us out of the cold. If you’re looking to read more poetry, here are some of the best poetry books from modern authors.   Bright Dead Things by Ada Limón A book of bravado and introspection, of 21st century feminist swagger and harrowing terror and loss, this fourth collection considers how we build our identities out of place and human contactâ€"tracing in intimate detail the various ways the speaker’s sense of self both shifts and perseveres as she moves from New York City to rural Kentucky, loses a dear parent, ages past the capriciousness of youth, and falls in love. Limón has often been a poet who wears her heart on her sleeve, but in these extraordinary poems that heart becomes a “huge beating genius machine” striving to embrace and understand the fullness of the present moment. “I am beautiful. I am full of love. I am dying,” the poet writes. Building on the legacies of forebears such as Frank O’Hara, Sharon Olds, and Mark Doty, Limón’s work is consistently generous and accessibleâ€"though every observed moment feels complexly thought, felt, and lived. Oceanic by Aimee Nezhukumatathil With inquisitive flair, Aimee Nezhukumatathil creates a thorough registry of the earth’s wonderful and terrible magic. In her fourth collection of poetry, she studies forms of love as diverse and abundant as the ocean itself. She brings to life a father penguin, a C-section scar, and the Niagara Falls with a powerful force of reverence for life and living things. With an encyclopedic range of subjects and unmatched sincerity, Oceanic speaks to each reader as a cooperative part of the earth, an extraordinary neighborhood to which we all belong. My Mother Was a Freedom Fighter by Aja Monet My Mother Was a Freedom Fighter  is poet Aja Monet’s ode to mothers, daughters, and sistersâ€"the tiny gods who fight to change the world. Textured with the sights and sounds of growing up in East New York in the nineties, to school on the South Side of Chicago, all the way to the olive groves of Palestine, these stunning poems tackle racism, sexism, genocide, displacement, heartbreak, and grief, but also love, motherhood, spirituality, and Black joy. Together and By Ourselves by Alex Dimitrov Together and by Ourselves,  Alex Dimitrov’s second book of poems, takes on broad existential questions and the reality of our current moment: being seemingly connected to one another, yet emotionally alone. Through a collage aesthetic and a multiplicity of voices, these poems take us from coast to coast, New York to LA, and toward uneasy questions about intimacy, love, death, and the human spirit. Dimitrov critiques America’s long-lasting obsessions with money, celebrity, and escapismâ€"whether in our personal, professional, or family lives. What defines a life? Is love ever enough? Who are we when together and who are we by ourselves? These questions echo throughout the poems, which resist easy answers. The voice is both heartfelt and skeptical, bruised yet playful, and always deeply introspective. When I Grow Up I Want to Be a List of Further Possibilities by Chen Chen In this ferocious and tender debut, Chen Chen investigates inherited forms of love and familyâ€"the strained relationship between a mother and son, the cost of necessary goodbyesâ€"all from Asian American, immigrant, and queer perspectives. Holding all accountable, this collection fully embraces the loss, grief, and abundant joy that come with charting ones own path in identity, life, and love. Dont Call Us Dead by Danez Smith Award-winning poet Danez Smith is a groundbreaking force, celebrated for deft lyrics, urgent subjects, and performative power.  Don’t Call Us Dead  opens with a heartrending sequence that imagines an afterlife for black men shot by police, a place where suspicion, violence, and grief are forgotten and replaced with the safety, love, and longevity they deserved here on earth. Smith turns then to desire, mortality?the dangers experienced in skin and body and blood?and a diagnosis of HIV positive. “Some of us are killed / in pieces,” Smith writes, “some of us all at once.”  Don’t Call Us Dead  is an astonishing and ambitious collection, one that confronts, praises, and rebukes America?“Dear White America”?where every day is too often a funeral and not often enough a miracle. Beastiary by Donika Kelly Across this remarkable first book are encounters with animals, legendary beasts, and mythological monstersâ€"half human and half something else. Donika Kellys  Bestiary  is a catalogue of creaturesâ€"from the whale and ostrich to the pegasus and chimera to the centaur and griffin. Among them too are poems of love, self-discovery, and travel, from Out West to Back East. Lurking in the middle of this powerful and multifaceted collection is a wrenching sequence that wonders just who or what is the real monster inside this life of survival and reflection. Selected and with an introduction by the National Book Award winner Nikky Finney,  Bestiary  questions what makes us human, what makes us whole. Milk by Dorothea Lasky In her latest collection, Dorothea Lasky brings her signature styleâ€"a deeply felt and uncanny word-musicâ€"to all matters of creativity, from poetry and the invention of new language to motherhood and the production of new life. At once a personal document as it is an occult text,  Milk  investigates overused paradigms of what it means to be a creator and encapsulates its horrors and joysâ€"setting fire to the enigma that drives the vital force that enables poems, love, and life to happen. Lessons on Expulsion by Erika L. Sánchez Poet, novelist, and essayist Erika L. Sánchez’s powerful debut poetry collection explores what it means to live on both sides of the border?the border between countries, languages, despair and possibility, and the living and the dead. Sánchez tells her own story as the daughter of undocumented Mexican immigrants and as part of a family steeped in faith, work, grief, and expectations. The poems confront sex, shame, race, and an America roiling with xenophobia, violence, and laws of suspicion and suppression. With candor and urgency, and with the unblinking eyes of a journalist, Sánchez roves from the individual life into the lives of sex workers, narco-traffickers, factory laborers, artists, and lovers. What emerges is a powerful, multifaceted portrait of survival. Lessons on Expulsion is the first book by a vibrant, essential new writer now breaking into the national literary landscape. Holy Moly Carry Me by Erika Meitner Erika Meitner’s fifth collection of poetry plumbs human resilience and grit in the face of disaster, loss, and uncertainty. These narrative poems take readers into the heart of southern Appalachia?its highways and strip malls and gun culture, its fragility and danger?as the speaker wrestles with what it means to be the only Jewish family in an Evangelical neighborhood and the anxieties of raising one white son and one black son amidst racial tensions and school lockdown drills. With a firm hand on the pulse of the uncertainty at the heart of 21st century America and a refusal to settle for easy answers, Meitner’s poems embrace life in an increasingly fractured society and never stop asking what it means to love our neighbor as ourselves. Night by Etel Adnan Etel Adnan’s evocative new book places night at its center to unearth memories held in the body, the spirit and the landscape. This striking new book continues Adnan’s meditative observation and inquiry into the experiences of her remarkable life. Electric Arches by Dr. Eve L. Ewing Blending stark realism with the surreal and fantastic, Eve L. Ewing’s narrative takes us from the streets of 1990s Chicago to an unspecified future, deftly navigating the boundaries of space, time, and reality. Ewing imagines familiar figures in magical circumstances?blues legend Koko Taylor is a tall-tale hero; LeBron James travels through time and encounters his teenage self. She identifies everyday objects?hair moisturizer, a spiral notebook?as precious icons. Her visual art is spare, playful, and poignant?a cereal box decoder ring that allows the wearer to understand what Black girls are saying; a teacher’s angry, subversive message scrawled on the chalkboard.  Electric Arches  invites fresh conversations about race, gender, the city, identity, and the joy and pain of growing up. If They Come for Us by Fatimah Asghar From a co-creator of the Emmy-nominated web series  Brown Girls  comes an imaginative, soulful debut poetry that collection captures the experiences of being a young Pakistani Muslim woman in contemporary America.  Orphaned as a child, Fatimah Asghar grapples with coming of age and navigating questions of sexuality and race without the guidance of a mother or father. These poems at once bear anguish, joy, vulnerability, and compassion, while also exploring the many facets of violence: how it persists within us, how it is inherited across generations, and how it manifests itself in our relationships. In experimental forms and language both lyrical and raw, Asghar seamlessly braids together marginalized people’s histories with her own understanding of identity, place, and belonging. Half-Light: Collected Poems 1965-2017  by Frank Bidart Gathered together, the poems of Frank Bidart perform one of the most remarkable transmutations of the body into language in contemporary literature. His pages represent the human voice in all its extreme registers, whether it’s that of the child-murderer Herbert White, the obsessive anorexic Ellen West, the tormented genius Vaslav Nijinsky, or the poet’s own. And in that embodiment is a transgressive empathy, one that recognizes our wild appetites, the monsters, the misfits, the misunderstood among us and inside us. Few writers have so willingly ventured to the dark places of the human psyche and allowed themselves to be stripped bare on the page with such candor and vulnerability. Over the past half century, Bidart has done nothing less than invent a poetics commensurate with the chaos and appetites of our experience. Not Here by Hieu Minh Nguyen Not Here  is a flight plan for escape and a map for navigating home; a queer Vietnamese American body in confrontation with whiteness, trauma, family, and nostalgia; and a big beating heart of a book. Nguyen’s poems ache with loneliness and desire and the giddy terrors of allowing yourself to hope for love, and revel in moments of connection achieved. Deaf Republic by Ilya Kaminsky Deaf Republic  opens in an occupied country in a time of political unrest. When soldiers breaking up a protest kill a deaf boy, Petya, the gunshot becomes the last thing the citizens hear?they all have gone deaf, and their dissent becomes coordinated by sign language. The story follows the private lives of townspeople encircled by public violence: a newly married couple, Alfonso and Sonya, expecting a child; the brash Momma Galya, instigating the insurgency from her puppet theater; and Galya’s girls, heroically teaching signing by day and by night luring soldiers one by one to their deaths behind the curtain. At once a love story, an elegy, and an urgent plea, Ilya Kaminsky’s long-awaited  Deaf Republic  confronts our time’s vicious atrocities and our collective silence in the face of them. There Should Be Flowers by Joshua Jennifer Espinoza Espinozas debut  is a searing interrogation of the world and the self at once. Here, the body is a fixationâ€"as if to look away from it, even briefly, is to risk having it erased. As such, this is a book of unblinking human preservation, and how we trespass ourselves seeking safer spaces. There is nothing I love more than an honest storm, Espinoza writes.  There Should Be Flowers  is a storm to ravage and rearrange us from our crushing certainties. This book doesnt need a blurb. It simply needs to be read. Ocean Vuong Unaccompanied by Javier Zamora Javier Zamora was nine years old when he traveled unaccompanied 4,000 miles, across multiple borders, from El Salvador to the United States to be reunited with his parents. This dramatic and hope-filled poetry debut humanizes the highly charged and polarizing rhetoric of border-crossing; assesses borderland politics, race, and immigration on a profoundly personal level; and simultaneously remembers and imagines a birth country thats been left behind. Through an unflinching gaze, plainspoken diction, and a combination of Spanish and English,  Unaccompanied  crosses rugged terrain where families are lost and reunited, coyotes lead migrants astray, and the thin white man let us drink from a hose / while pointing his shotgun.' Eye Level by Jenny Xie Jenny Xie’s award-winning debut,  Eye Level, takes us far and near, to Phnom Penh, Corfu, Hanoi, New York, and elsewhere, as we travel closer and closer to the acutely felt solitude that centers this searching, moving collection. Animated by a restless inner questioning, these poems meditate on the forces that moor the self and set it in motion, from immigration to travel to estranging losses and departures. The sensual worlds here?colors, smells, tastes, and changing landscapes?bring to life questions about the self as seer and the self as seen. As Xie writes, “Me? I’m just here in my traveler’s clothes, trying on each passing town for size.” Her taut, elusive poems exult in a life simultaneously crowded and quiet, caught in between things and places, and never quite entirely at home. Xie is a poet of extraordinary perception?both to the tangible world and to “all that is untouchable as far as the eye can reach. The New Testament by Jericho Brown In his second collection,  The New Testament,  Brown treats disease and love and lust between men, with a gentle touch, returning again and again to the stories of the Bible, which confirm or dispute his vision of real life. Every last word is contagious, he writes, awake to all the implications of that phrase. There is plenty of guiltâ€"survivor’s guilt, sinner’s guiltâ€"and ever-present death, but also the joy of survival and sin. And not everyone has the chutzpah to rewrite The Good Book.â€"NPR.org Citizen Illegal by José Olivarez In this stunning debut, poet José Olivarez explores the stories, contradictions, joys, and sorrows that embody life in the spaces between Mexico and America. He paints vivid portraits of good kids, bad kids, families clinging to hope, life after the steel mills, gentrifying barrios, and everything in between. Drawing on the rich traditions of Latinx and Chicago writers like Sandra Cisneros and Gwendolyn Brooks, Olivarez creates a home out of life in the in-between. Combining wry humor with potent emotional force, Olivarez takes on complex issues of race, ethnicity, gender, class, and immigration using an everyday language that invites the reader in. Olivarez has a unique voice that makes him a poet to watch. Indecency by Justin Phillip Reed Indecency  is boldly and carefully executed and perfectly ragged. In these poems, Justin Phillip Reed experiments with language to explore inequity and injustice and to critique and lament the culture of white supremacy and the dominant social order. Political and personal, tender, daring, and insightful?the author unpacks his intimacies, weaponizing poetry to take on masculinity, sexuality, exploitation, and the prison industrial complex and unmask all the failures of the structures into which society sorts us. Calling a Wolf a Wolf by Kaveh Akbar This highly-anticipated debut boldly confronts addiction and courses the strenuous path of recovery, beginning in the wilds of the mind. Poems confront craving, control, the constant battle of alcoholism and sobriety, and the questioning of the self and its instincts within the context of this never-ending fight. WHEREAS by Layli Long Soldier WHEREAS  confronts the coercive language of the United States government in its responses, treaties, and apologies to Native American peoples and tribes, and reflects that language in its officiousness and duplicity back on its perpetrators. Through a virtuosic array of short lyrics, prose poems, longer narrative sequences, resolutions, and disclaimers, Layli Long Soldier has created a brilliantly innovative text to examine histories, landscapes, her own writing, and her predicament inside national affiliations. “I am,” she writes, “a citizen of the United States and an enrolled member of the Oglala Sioux Tribe, meaning I am a citizen of the Oglala Lakota Nation?and in this dual citizenship I must work, I must eat, I must art, I must mother, I must friend, I must listen, I must observe, constantly I must live.” This strident, plaintive book introduces a major new voice in contemporary literature. The Undressing by Li-Young Lee The Undressing  is a tonic for spiritual anemia; it attempts to uncover things hidden since the dawn of the world. Short of achieving that end, these mysterious, unassuming poems investigate the human violence and dispossession increasingly prevalent around the world, as well as the horrors the poet grew up with as a child of refugees. Lee draws from disparate sources, including the Old Testament, the Dao De Jing, and the music of the Wu Tang Clan. While the ostensive subjects of these layered, impassioned poems are wide-ranging, their driving engine is a burning need to understand our collective human mission. Cenzontle by Marcelo Hernandez Castillo In this highly lyrical, imagistic debut, Marcelo Hernandez Castillo creates a nuanced narrative of life before, during, and after crossing the US/Mexico border. These poems explore the emotional fallout of immigration, the illusion of the American dream via the fallacy of the nuclear family, the latent anxieties of living in a queer brown undocumented body within a heteronormative marriage, and the ongoing search for belonging. Finding solace in the resignation to sheer possibility, these poems challenge us to question the potential ways in which two people can interact, love, give birth, and mourn?sometimes all at once. Devotions: Collected Poems by Mary Oliver Throughout her celebrated career, Mary Oliver has touched countless readers with her brilliantly crafted verse, expounding on her love for the physical world and the powerful bonds between all living things. Identified as far and away, this countrys best selling poet by Dwight Garner, she now returns with a stunning and definitive collection of her writing from the last fifty years. Carefully curated, these 200 plus poems feature Olivers work from her very first book of poetry,  No Voyage and Other Poems, published in 1963 at the age of 28, through her most recent collection,  Felicity, published in 2015. This timeless volume, arranged by Oliver herself, showcases the beloved poet at her edifying best. Within these pages, she provides us with an extraordinary and invaluable collection of her passionate, perceptive, and much-treasured observations of the natural world. Blackacre by Monica Youn Blackacre is a centuries-old legal fiction?a placeholder name for a hypothetical estate. Treacherously lush or alluringly bleak, these poems reframe their subjects as landscape, as legacy?a bereavement, an intimacy, a racial identity, a pubescence, a culpability, a diagnosis. With a surveyor’s keenest tools, Youn marks the boundaries of the given, what we have been allotted: acreage that has been ruthlessly fenced, previously tenanted, ploughed and harvested, enriched and depleted. In the title sequence, the poet gleans a second crop from the field of Milton’s great sonnet on his blindness: a lyric meditation on her barrenness, on her own desire?her own struggle?to conceive a child. What happens when the transformative imagination comes up against the limits of unalterable fact? There Are More Beautiful Things Than Beyoncé by Morgan Parker The only thing more beautiful than Beyoncé is God, and God is a black woman sipping rosé and drawing a lavender bath, texting her mom, belly-laughing in the therapist’s office, feeling unloved, being on display, daring to survive. Morgan Parker stands at the intersections of vulnerability and performance, of desire and disgust, of tragedy and excellence. Unrelentingly feminist, tender, ruthless, and sequined, these poems are an altar to the complexities of black American womanhood in an age of non-indictments and deja vu, and a time of wars over bodies and power. These poems celebrate and mourn. They are a chorus chanting: You’re gonna give us the love we need. When My Brother Was an Aztec by Natalie Diaz I write  hungry  sentences, Natalie Diaz once explained in an interview, because they want more and more lyricism and imagery to satisfy them. This debut collection is a fast-paced tour of Mojave life and family narrative: A sister fights for or against a brother on meth, and everyone from Antigone, Houdini, Huitzilopochtli, and Jesus is invoked and invited to hash it out. These darkly humorous poems illuminate far corners of the heart, revealing teeth, tails, and more than a few dreams. Ordinary Beast by Nicole Sealey The existential magnitude, deep intellect, and playful subversion of St. Thomas-born, Florida-raised poet Nicole Sealey’s work is restless in its empathic, succinct examination and lucid awareness of what it means to be human. The ranging scope of inquiry undertaken in  Ordinary Beastâ€"at times philosophical, emotional, and experientialâ€"is evident in each thrilling twist of image by the poet. In brilliant, often ironic lines that move from meditation to matter of fact in a single beat, Sealey’s voice is always awake to the natural world, to the pain and punishment of existence, to the origins and demises of humanity. Exploring notions of race, sexuality, gender, myth, history, and embodiment with profound understanding, Sealey’s is a poetry that refuses to turn a blind eye or deny. It is a poetry of daunting knowledge. Night Sky With Exit Wounds by Ocean Vuong In his haunting and fearless debut, Ocean Vuong walks a tightrope of historic and personal violences, creating an interrogation of the American body as a borderless space of both failure and triumph. At once vulnerable and redemptive, dreamlike and visceral, compassionate and unforgiving, these poems seek a myriad existence without forgetting the prerequisite of self-preservation in a world bent on extinguishing its othered voices. Vuongs poems show, through breath, cadence, and unrepentant enthrallment, that a gentle palm on a chest can calm the most necessary of hungers. blud by Rachel McKibbins McKibbenss  blud  is a collection of dark, rhythmic poems interested in the ways in which inherited things?bloodlines, mental illnesses, trauma?affect their inheritors. Reveling in form and sound, McKibbenss writing takes back control, undaunted by the idea of sinking its teeth into the ugliest moments of life, while still believing?and looking for?the good underneath all the bruising. Lo terciario / The Tertiary by Raquel Salas Rivera Poetry. Written in response to the PROMESA bill (Puerto Rico Oversight, Management, and Economic Stability Act) bill, LO TERCIARIO/THE TERCIARY offers a decolonial queer critique and reconsideration of Marx. The books titles come from Pedro Scarons  El Capital, the 1976 translation of Karl Marxs classic. Published by Siglo Veintiuno Editores, this translation was commonly used by the Puerto Rican left as part of political formation programs. LO TERCIARIO/THE TERCIARY places this text in relation to the Puerto Rican debt crisis, forcing readers to reconsider old questions when facing colonialisms newest horrors. Crush by Richard Siken Richard Siken’s  Crush, selected as the 2004 winner of the Yale Younger Poets prize, is a powerful collection of poems driven by obsession and love. Siken writes with ferocity, and his reader hurtles unstoppably with him. His poetry is confessional, gay, savage, and charged with violent eroticism. In the world of American poetry, Sikens voice is striking.  In her introduction to the book, competition judge Louise Glück hails the “cumulative, driving, apocalyptic power, [and] purgatorial recklessness” of Siken’s poems. She notes, Books of this kind dream big. . . . They restore to poetry that sense of crucial moment and crucial utterance which may indeed be the great genius of the form.' Rock|Salt|Stone by Rosamond S. King Rock|Salt|Stone sprays life-preserving salt through the hard realities of rocks, stones, and rockstones used as anchors, game pieces, or weapons. The manuscript  travels through Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA, including cultures and varieties of English from all of those places. The poems center the experience of the outsider, whether she is an immigrant, a woman, or queer.  Sometimes direct, sometimes abstract, these poems engage different structures, forms, and experiences while addressing the sharp realities of family, sexuality, and immigration. Catalog of Unabashed Gratitude by Ross Gay Catalog of Unabashed Gratitude  is a sustained meditation on that which goes awayâ€"loved ones, the seasons, the earth as we know itâ€"that tries to find solace in the processes of the garden and the orchard. That is, this is a book that studies the wisdom of the garden and orchard, those places where allâ€"death, sorrow, lossâ€"is converted into what might, with patience, nourish us. The January Children by Safia Elhillo The January Children  depicts displacement and longing while also questioning accepted truths about geography, history, nationhood, and home. The poems mythologize family histories until they break open, using  them to explore aspects of Sudan’s history of colonial occupation, dictatorship, and diaspora.  Several of the poems speak to the late Egyptian singer Abdelhalim Hafez, who addressed many of his songs to the  asmaraniâ€"an Arabic term of endearment for a brown-skinned or dark-skinned person. Elhillo explores Arabness and Africanness and the tensions generated by a hyphenated identity in those two worlds. No longer content to accept manmade borders, Elhillo navigates a new  and reimagined  world. Maintaining a sense of wonder in multiple landscapes  and mindscapes  of perpetually shifting values, she  leads the reader through a postcolonial narrative that is equally terrifying and tender, melancholy and defiant. Oculus by Sally Wen Mao In  Oculus, Sally Wen Mao explores exile not just as a matter of distance and displacement but as a migration through time and a reckoning with technology. The title poem follows a nineteen-year-old girl in Shanghai who uploaded her suicide onto Instagram. Other poems cross into animated worlds, examine robot culture, and haunt a necropolis for electronic waste. A fascinating sequence spanning the collection speaks in the voice of the international icon and first Chinese American movie star Anna May Wong, who travels through the history of cinema with a time machine, even past her death and into the future of film, where she finds she has no progeny. With a speculative imagination and a sharpened wit, Mao powerfully confronts the paradoxes of seeing and being seen, the intimacies made possible and ruined by the screen, and the many roles and representations that women of color are made to endure in order to survive a culture that seeks to consume them. bury it by sam sax sam sax’s bury it, winner of the 2017 James Laughlin Award from the Academy of American Poets, begins with poems written in response to the spate of highly publicized young gay suicides in the summer of 2010. What follows are raw and expertly crafted meditations on death, rituals of passage, translation, desire, diaspora, and personhood. What’s at stake is survival itself and the archiving of a lived and lyric history. Laughlin Award judge Tyehimba Jess says “bury it is lit with imagery and purpose that surprises and jolts at every turn. Exuberant, wild, tightly knotted mesmerisms of discovery inhabit each poem in this seethe of hunger and sacred toll of toil. A vitalizing and necessary book of poems that dig hard and lift luminously.” In this phenomenal second collection of poems, Sam Sax invites the reader to join him in his interrogation of the bridges we cross, the bridges we burn, and bridges we must leap from. Rapture by Sjohnna McCray In this award-winning debut, Sjohnna McCray movingly recounts a life born out of wartime to a Korean mother and an American father serving during the Vietnam War. Their troubled histories, and McCrays own, are told with lyric passion and the mythic undercurrents of discovering ones own identity, ones own desires. What emerges is a self- and family portrait of grief and celebration, one that insists on our lives as anything, please, but singular.  Rapture  is an extraordinary first collection, with poems of rare grace and feeling. Registers of Illuminated Villages by Tarfia Faizullah Registers of Illuminated Villages  is Tarfia Faizullah’s highly anticipated second collection, following her award-winning debut,  Seam. Faizullah’s new work extends and transforms her powerful accounts of violence, war, and loss into poems of many forms and voices?elegies, outcries, self-portraits, and larger-scale confrontations with discrimination, family, and memory. One poem steps down the page like a Slinky; another poem responds to makeup homework completed in the summer of a childhood accident; other poems punctuate the collection with dark meditations on dissociation, discipline, defiance, and destiny; and the near-title poem, Register of Eliminated Villages, suggests illuminated texts, one a Qur’an in which the speaker’s name might be found, and the other a register of 397 villages destroyed in northern Iraq. Faizullah is an essential new poet whose work only grows more urgent, beautiful, and?even in its unsparing brutality?full of love. Junk by Tommy Pico The third book in Tommy Pico’s Teebs trilogy,  Junk  is a breakup poem in couplets: ice floe and hot lava, a tribute to Janet Jackson and nacho cheese. In the static that follows the loss of a job or an apartment or a boyfriend, what can you grab onto for orientation? The narrator wonders what happens to the sense of self when the illusion of security has been stripped away. And for an indigenous person, how do these lost markers of identity echo larger cultural losses and erasures in a changing political landscape? In part taking its cue from A.R. Ammons’s Garbage, Teebs names this liminal space “Junk,” in the sense that a junk shop is full of old things waiting for their next use; different items that collectively become indistinct. But can there be a comfort outside the anxiety of utility? An appreciation of “being” for the sake of being? And will there be Chili Cheese Fritos? Wade in the Water by Tracy K. Smith In  Wade in the Water, Tracy K. Smith boldly ties America’s contemporary moment both to our nation’s fraught founding history and to a sense of the spirit, the everlasting. These are poems of sliding scale: some capture a flicker of song or memory; some collage an array of documents and voices; and some push past the known world into the haunted, the holy. Smith’s signature voice?inquisitive, lyrical, and wry?turns over what it means to be a citizen, a mother, and an artist in a culture arbitrated by wealth, men, and violence. Here, private utterance becomes part of a larger choral arrangement as the collection widens to include erasures of  The Declaration of Independence  and the correspondence between slave owners, a found poem comprised of evidence of corporate pollution and accounts of near-death experiences, a sequence of letters written by African Americans enlisted in the Civil War, and the survivors’ reports of recent immigrants and refugees.  Wade in the Water  is a potent and luminous book by one of America’s essential poets. So Far So Good by Ursula K. Le Guin Legendary author Ursula K. Le Guin was lauded by millions for her ground-breaking science fiction novels, but she began as a poet, and wrote across genres for her entire career. In this clarifying and sublime collection?completed shortly before her death in 2018?Le Guin is unflinching in the face of mor- tality, and full of wonder for the mysteries beyond. Redolent of the lush natural beauty of the Pacific Northwest, with rich sounds playfully echoing myth and nursery rhyme, Le Guin bookends a long, daring, and prolific career. Barbie Chang by Victoria Chang In Barbie Chang, Victoria Chang explores racial prejudice, sexual privilege, and the disillusionment of love through a reimagining of Barbie?perfect in the cultural imagination yet repeatedly falling short as she pursues the American dream. This energetic string of linked poems is full of wordplay, humor, and biting social commentary involving the quote-unquote speaker, Barbie Chang, a disillusioned Asian-American suburbanite. By turns woeful and passionate, playful and incisive, these poems reveal a voice insisting that even silence is not silent. Teaching My Mother How to Give Birth by Warsan Shire What elevates teaching my mother how to give birth, what gives the poems their disturbing brilliance, is Warsan Shires ability to give simple, beautiful eloquence to the veiled world where sensuality lives in the dominant narrative of Islam; reclaiming the more nuanced truths of earlier timesâ€"as in Tayeb Salihs workâ€"and translating to the realm of lyric the work of the likes of Nawal El Saadawi. As Rumi said, Love will find its way through all languages on its own; in teaching my mother how to give birth, Warsans début pamphlet, we witness the unearthing of a poet who finds her way through all preconceptions to strike the heart directly. The BreakBeat Poets Vol. 2: Black Girl Magic edited by Jamila Woods, Mahogany L. Browne, and Idrissa Simmonds Black Girl Magic  continues and deepens the work of the first BreakBeat Poets anthology by focusing on some of the most exciting Black women writing today. This anthology breaks up the myth of hip-hop as a boys’ club, and asserts the truth that the cypher is a feminine form.  featuring poems by Elizabeth Acevedo, Ariana Brown, Safia Elhillo, Eve L. Ewing, Camonghne Felix, Marwa Helal, Nabia Lovelace, Aja Monet, Ysenia Montilla, Angel Nafis, Noname, Morgan Parker, and more. New Poets of Native Nations edited by Heid E. Erdrich New Poets of Native Nations  gathers poets of diverse ages, styles, languages, and tribal affiliations to present the extraordinary range and power of new Native poetry. Heid E. Erdrich has selected twenty-one poets whose first books were published after the year 2000 to highlight the exciting works coming up after Joy Harjo and Sherman Alexie. Collected here are poems of great breadth?long narratives, political outcries, experimental works, and traditional lyrics?and the result is an essential anthology of some of the best poets writing now. Poets included are Tacey M. Atsitty, Trevino L. Brings Plenty, Julian Talamantez Brolaski, Laura Da’, Natalie Diaz, Jennifer Elise Foerster, Eric Gansworth, Gordon Henry, Jr., Sy Hoahwah, LeAnne Howe, Layli Long Soldier, Janet McAdams, Brandy Nalani McDougall, Margaret Noodin, dg okpik, Craig Santos Perez, Tommy Pico, Cedar Sigo, M. L. Smoker, Gwen Westerman, and Karenne Wood. Nepantla: An Anthology Dedicated to Queer Poets of Color edited by Christopher Soto In 2014, Christopher Soto and Lambda Literary Foundation founded the online journal Nepantla, with the mission to nurture, celebrate, and preserve diversity within the queer poetry community, including contributions as diverse in style and form, as the experiences of QPOC in the United States. Now, Nepantla will appear for the first time in print as a survey of poetry by queer poets of color throughout U.S. history, including literary legends such as Audre Lorde, James Baldwin, June Jordan, Ai, and Pat Parker alongside contemporaries such as Natalie Diaz, Ocean Vuong, Danez Smith, Joshua Jennifer Espinoza, Robin Coste Lewis, Joy Harjo, Richard Blanco, Erika L. Sánchez, Jericho Brown, Carl Phillips, Tommy Pico, Eduardo C. Corral, Chen Chen, and more. For more of the best poetry books, check out  50 Must Read Poetry Collections of 2019 and 15 WoC Poets to Read During National Poetry Month.

Leadership Interview - 275 Words

Leadership Interview (Essay Sample) Content: Name Tutor Course Date Leadership Interview Provide interviewees background I got a chance to interview Mr. Naif Al-Otaibi, the deputy minister for petroleum affairs in Saudi Arabia. Mr. Al-Otaibi managed to secure the prestigious job position that was unfilled for about nine years due to his pleasant leadership expertise. Without a doubt, the interviewee is a learned and experienced man in the management field. In 2001, he earned a doctorate in economics from the American University located in Washington. Aside from that, he was responsible for the management of trade disputes associated with the World Trade Organization for the Saudi Petrochemical and Energy Companies (Mahdi n.p). As a result, he has wide experience in oil company management and policing. By replacing the former minister, Prince Abdul-Aziz bin Salman, Mr. Al-Otaibi is directly answerable to the minister, Ali al-Naimi and is responsible for policy implementation and other managerial responsibilities. He is an ambitious and visionary figure in the corporate field, which seeks to achieve his goals by being influential to the society. Discuss the interviewee's response to the questions During the interview process, Mr. Al-Otaibi was very frank in giving me an overview of his life career experiences. When I prompted him to enlighten me on how he got his job position, he confessed it was as a result of his hard work and dedication. He explained that he had begun his career from an entry-level job to managerial positions at different organizations. In the working process, he managed to get the required skills and certifications for the career promotions. His personal philosophies and views on leadership are based on equality fairness and honesty. In his career, he sought to uphold these values by castigating discrimination based on race or sex. Through his à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"down to earth' philosophy, he believes in humility and treatment of other people with respect. These values have enabled him to rise in ranks over the years to become the deputy minister. He developed his managerial philosophies through learning and hard work. He explained that he achieved this through persistence, not giving up, and having an independent mine. Additionally, he values other people's insight and being righteous. By taking advice from other people, he can better his ideas and learn from his mistakes. As a result, his interaction with employees has been quite productive. He admitted that the primary reason for his success was being gentle to the clients, humble, and persistent in implementing policies. His practical day-to-day issues include scheduling of meeting and agendas while making judgment calls for specific tasks. His ethical responsibilities involve dealing with people from different cultures and having an exemplary knowledge of how people from different societies ought to be handled. Finally, he advised me, to be honest, ambitious, ready to learn and seek to achieve what I want to and no what other people expect of me. Finally, he advised me to read and learn new skills that could assist in the achievement of my career. Highlight five key lessons you learned from the interviewee From my interaction with Mr. Al-Otaibi, I managed to learn a multiple leadership and inspirational aspects that would be resourceful for the betterment of my life. Primarily, I internalized the importance of having a steady ethical framework. During the interview, the deputy minister attributed a large section of his career success and proper management to his ethical principles. He mentioned equality and respect for other people's culture. As such, his moral virtues did not promote the development of discrimination. I learned that commendable success could not be achieved when one lacks proper morals and disregards other people's opinion. It is essential to listen to what other people have to say while upholding respect for their culture. This is best achieved when one has a proper ethical framework that gives a provision for other people's opinion. Additionally, I learned the importance of hard work in achieving one's goals. The interviewee mentioned that he had a humble beginning in the career field as he started from an entry-level job. However, through persistence and hard work, he managed to make the most out of his abilities to senior positions in the firms he worked for. Moreover, the fact that he earned a doctorate while venturing into the corporate field indicated that he was industrious enough to dedicate most of his time to the betterment of his future. I learned that hard work is essential for the betterment of one's life. Through the deputy minister's persistence, he managed to achieve quite a success in the corporate field over the years, and he was willing to achieve more by furthering his education. I intend to employ similar effort for the betterment of my life when I join the corporate field. From my interaction with the interviewee, I internalized the essence of working hard in one's career to achieve targets. During the productive interview, I acknowledged the essence of equality in the work environment. When I promoted a question on how Mr. Al-Otaibi interacted with his employees, he mentioned that he addressed them with respect, and he valued their opinion. Additionally, he admitted not tolerating any form of discrimination in his management endeavors. As a result, he values equality in the work environment as he does his best to eliminate any form of discrimination. Upholding equality within the work environment made it possible for the deputy minister to implement policies effectively while getting constructive feedback from the employees. This interaction heightens the performance of the corporate field making it possible to achieve the best in the initiatives the firm is engaged in. I learned the importance of eliminating any form of bias in the work environment while fostering equal treatment of the employees. Favoritism leads to the mediocre performance of an organization as it de motivates the lesser-favored individuals. I internalized the importance of valuing other people's opinions regardless of their position in the corporate framework. Mr. Al-Otaibi mentioned that he took constant advice from other people within the firms he managed to arrive at the best decision. In most cases, he did not mind the position of the individuals giving constructive opinions. This initiative enhances the performance of an...

charant Characterization in Sophocles Antigone - 2329 Words

Antigone– Characterization This essay will illustrate the types of characters depicted in Sophocles’ tragic drama, Antigone, whether static or dynamic, flat or round, and whether portrayed through the showing or telling technique. Martin Heidegger in â€Å"The Ode on Man in Sophocles’ Antigone† explains, in a rather involved theory, the destruction of Creon’s character: The conflict between the overwhelming presence of the essent as a whole and man’s violent being-there creates the possibility of downfall into the issueless and placeless: disaster. But disaster and the possibility of disaster do not occur only at the end, when a single act of power fails, when the violent one makes a false move; no, this†¦show more content†¦Nothing so evil as money ever grew to be current among men.† The guard exits with the intention of saving his own skin by never reappearing before Creon. But shortly thereafter he again approaches Creon with the startling news that the guilty party has been apprehended in the act of burying Polynices’ corpse: â€Å"I have come, though tis in breach of my sworn oath, bringing this maid; who was taken showing grace to the dead.† The guard’s recounting of the actions of Antigone develop her character into all of its fullness as a most sentimental and religious person: And when, after a long while, this storm had passed, the maid was seen; and she cried aloud with the sharp cry of a bird in its bitterness,-even as when, within the empty

Spanish Idioms Using Haber

Like many other common verbs, haber is used to form a variety of idioms. As phrases whose meanings dont depend on the literal meanings of the individual words, idioms can be somewhat challenging to learn. But they are a necessary part of language, and some of them using haber express everyday concepts and are used often. Following are the most common idioms using haber. For other usages of haber, see lessons on its use as an auxiliary verb and as a translation for there is or there are. Also note that the conjugation of haber is highly irregular. haber (in the third-person singular) que infinitive — to be necessary to, to be essential to — Hay que comer. It is necessary to eat. Habrà ¡ que salir a las tres. It will be necessary to leave at 3. haber de infinitive — to be to, to be supposed to — Hemos de salir a las tres. We are to leave at 3. He de viajar a Nueva York. I am supposed to go to New York. haber de infinitive — must (in the sense of showing high probability) — Ha de ser inteligente. He must be intelligent. Habà ­a de ser las nueve de la noche. It must have been 9 p.m. habà ­a una vez (or, less frequently, hubo una vez) — Once upon a time ... — Habà ­a una vez un granjero que tenà ­a una granja muy grande. Once upon a time there was a farmer with a very large farm. no haber tal — to be no such thing — No hay tal cosa como un almuerzo gratis. Theres no such thing as a free lunch.  ¡Quà © hubo!,  ¡Quihà ºbole! (regional variation) â⠂¬â€ Hi! Whats happening? No hay de quà ©. — Dont mention it. Its not important. No big deal. habà ©rselas con — to have it out with, to quarrel with — Me las habà ­a con mi madre. I had it out with my mother.  ¿Cuà ¡nto hay de ... ? — How far is it from ... ? —  ¿Cuà ¡nto hay de aquà ­ al parque nacional? How far is it from here to the national park?  ¿Quà © hay?  ¿Quà © hay de nuevo? — Whats happening? Whats new? he aquà ­ — here is, here are. — He aquà ­ una lista de nombres. Here is a list of names. Heme aquà ­. — Here I am. He lo aquà ­. He lo allà ­. He los aquà ­. He los allà ­. — Here it is. There it is. Here they are. There they are.  ¡He dicho! — And thats that! Keep in mind also that many expressions use hay. Although the meaning of many of them can be deduced from the words, they arent necessarily translated literally. For example, hay sol (literally, there is sun) is often used for it is sunny, and  ¡eres de lo que no hay! (literally, you are of that which there are none) can be used for youre unbelievable! or something like that.

Dust Bowl and Great Depression Expository - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1016 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/03 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Great Depression Essay Did you like this example? Everybody in America faced problems during the Great Depression. The Great Depression started October 29, 1929 and at the end of 1933 millions of Americans had no jobs, the depression started to end around 1941. Three things not heavily realized affected by the Great Depression, politics in California, Okies in California, and the election of 1932 FDR. These three things, Politics in California, Okies in California, and the 1932 election of FDR were affected by the Depression, heres why. During the depression and after the Dust Bowl Okies had lost everything. They were originally farmers from the Southern Plains but the Dust Bowl hit and they lost everything, then they overproduced and prices dropped heavily from the bushel and left basically everyone broke. Most of them went to California to find a job because there was a diversity of crops to be grown there and they thought there would be more job opportunities. As soon as they got their California had an issue, California had once advertised for more migrant workers found themselves overwhelmed by up to 7,000 new migrants a month. They were not as ready for this as they thought they were there was so many new people it was a huge sudden change and there wasnt jobs for everybody. There was some jobs to be had but it was astonishing how many new people were coming monthly in time. Thus, some people didnt get the life they were looking for, But there wasnt enough work for everyone who came. Instead of immediate rich es, they often found squalor in roadside ditch encampments. Most had not gotten the life they wanted instead they were back to square one with nothing. They had to figure out what to do in little time to make money or they would be set like this for a long time. Places like this wherent ideal to live in especially when it comes to sanitation. Furthermore, Due to insufficient sanitation in these camps, disease ran rampant among the migrant workers and their families had no running water, and with their minimal pay medical attention was out of the question. Disease spreads like wildfire with no sanitation it can get many people sick and especially with no money for medical attention they had nothing to treat them and just hoped it would get better. That obviously in most cases doesnt work and ends up killing hundreds maybe thousands of people. Okies in California wherent getting the journey and prosperity they were hoping for from the dust bowl and the great depression. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dust Bowl and Great Depression Expository" essay for you Create order Education in California, was affected by the great depression in many ways but mostly not having any money because there was none to finance the schools. People had no money also so kids just stayed home and supported their families. In this instance, Reduced the level of state support for schools so they couldnt get the funds they needed. This took a toll on property tax payers by having to pay extra money to try to finance the schools. Kids couldnt get an education like they could before, because they couldnt pay for the essentials to have the school working like new books, electricity bills, and even the teachers. Another statement regards ?Children worked to support their families they were unable to go to school Kids parents were struggling to pay bills so they had to support them. Some ways were getting a job or helping around the house, they had no time to go to school. In addition, Had to force a substantial change in means of financing public education Therefore big change was occurring in being able to finance public education with having no money. They had none to fund the schools to keep them running or most of them having to close down, which in turn means no education for most people so that would affect everybody because if they didnt have an education they wouldnt have the tools to get a job which you would need to know the information. The election of 1932(FDR): The election of 1932 was important! People were looking for a president who could get them out of the worst times of the depression they needed stability. That started with who was going to lead the country out of these poor times. They needed a reason that will have change and give the people of the United States hope. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) running for president of 1932 by his reasons he gave the people, Furthermore, FDR told Americans that only by working together could the nation overcome the economic crisis The people were willing to vote for anyone who could bring them out of the great depression. FDR was going to work to achieve that goal as much as he can by using his rationalism and knowledge. Additionally, He promised aid to farmers, public development of electric power, a balanced budget, and government policing of irresponsible private economic power. Due to these reasons he gave people in crisis hope to give them stability and that gav e the people a good reason to vote for FDR. There was so many people in crises that need aid and electric power that gave FDR a huge percentage of votes. Election day came around and lastly, On election day Roosevelt received nearly 23 million popular votes (57.3 percent) to Hoovers nearly 16 million (39.6 percent); the electoral vote was 472 to 59. FDR creamed Hoover, he won by more than 450 electoral votes which you need to have more than the other person to get elected. He won by seven million in the popular vote (60% of the people that voted went with FDR) He was the clear favorite and brought the best campaign to become the president of the United States in the election of 1932 and became the 32nd president. The Depression affected many things but these three topics was something not recognized as much as many other topics. How the Depression, affected Politics, The Okies in california, and The Election of 1932 and how FDR got voted as the President of the United States. The Depression and Dust Bowl overwhelmed everybody in America from any race you were to where you lived.

Essay Aviation Security Case Analysis - 722 Words

Aviation Security Case Analysis Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Aviation Security Case Analysis I. Summary Since September 11, 2001, airport security has undergone some major changes. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) were formed and airport security was transitioned from private contractors to government run security through TSA. Since that time, there has been great debate on II. Problem The problem is whether to continue to use a government-operated system of administering airport security, or return to privately owned and operated contracted airport security organizations. III. Significance of the Problem The significance of the problem is, since September 11,†¦show more content†¦(Mica, 2011) Alternative Action 2: Alternative action two is to return to a privately owned and operated, contracted airport security organization. Advantages. The advantage of returning to contracted airport security would be an increase in efficiency which would result in taxpayer savings. According to an oversight and investigations staff report, the private screeners at San Francisco International Airport were 65 percent more efficient than the Federal screeners at Los Angeles International Airport and that this efficiency could save the taxpayers â€Å"more than $38.6 million a year.† (Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, 2011) Disadvantages. While taxpayer saving and increased efficiency are always appealing words to the general public, the motivating factor for private companies is profit. This could lead to contracting â€Å"businesses whose profit motive might cause them to reduce staffing, skimp on training or cut corners on other fronts.† (Gage, 2011) Enabling companies with this mentality could be detrimental to airport security. V. 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Boeing Case Study Free Essays

string(102) " parts would result in additional downsizing, and less new hiring of union members \(Maynard, 1996\)\." Introduction Faced with a downturn in the commercial aircraft business and reduced military spending, The Boeing Company was forced to downsize approximately 55,000 people over a five-year period. The company’s management, organized labor, the local community, multiple levels of government, and community colleges collectively worked together to develop Reemployment Centers to assist in the transition of their specialized workforce into alternative forms of employment. The following is a description of how The Boeing Company successfully completed this effort at downsizing. We will write a custom essay sample on Boeing Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now Downsizing is thought to be an effective human resources strategy to increase global competitiveness. Labor costs, generally one of the largest costs for most organizations can be reduced through downsizing. In many cases the downsizing process includes outsourcing or subcontracting jobs previously performed within the organization. Although organizations often consider downsizing necessary in order to remain competitive, this strategy does not always result in increased organizational profitability and performance. One recent survey conducted by the Society for Human Resource Management reported that only 26% of firms reported productivity improvements while 58% said that productivity was flat or had declined after downsizing (The Washington Post, 1996). In addition, the study found that approximately 54% of companies surveyed cut jobs in 1994 but only 25% expected any further downsizing. Whatever the future course of downsizing, many companies have utilized this business strategy to meet the demands and challenges of U. S. and global competition. Why Companies downsize One of the primary reason that downsizing occurs is that jobs are subcontracted out, both domestically and internationally, to reduce corporate overhead. The Boeing Company is no different than many other multinational enterprises. There are three reasons that most companies subcontract jobs. The first is to lower the total costs of production. This is accomplished by relocating jobs to lower cost wage regions, either domestically or internationally. The subcontracting of jobs internationally ot only lowers production costs, but also assists in gaining market share which is the second reason that many companies subcontract out component development. Sometimes firms are required by local content requirements to produce components locally. Other countries require production facilities in order to gain access to their market. For example, China and The Boeing Company celebrated 25 years of working together in June, 1996 (The Boeing News, 1996). Over the past few y ears, The Boeing Company has invested heavily in developing all areas of the aviation industry in China to the tune of $100 million U. S. dollars. This has been more than recouped by the gain in market share through purchases from the Chinese-owned and operated airlines. The most recent order alone from Air China was for $510 million for three B747-400 planes. A total of 47 jet aircraft have been purchased by China, making this a strong market for The Boeing Company. For the same reason, General Motors is increasing its overseas presence in Asia. It recently announced that its Opel unit could take over Peugot’s position as the non-Chinese partner in southern China’s automotive industry (Cox, 1996). GM is also awaiting approval from the Chinese government to build a plant in Guangzhou to supply engines for a plant that GM is building in Thailand. This second Chinese plant is in addition to the Shanghai plant which will begin producing Buick sedans in 1998. The third major reason for subcontracting of jobs is also driven by the desire to lower total production costs. Many countries will contribute to a company’s development costs in order to gain production plants and develop industries. In the case of The Boeing Company and Japan, the development costs for the 777 jet airliner were $5 billion. Japan contributed over $1 billion, or approximately 21% of the total costs of development, in order to have production plants located in their country. Given their skills of imitation and improvement, the government of Japan considers this relationship with Boeing the basis of future industrial development that will place Japan in the forefront of this Asian market. In addition to lower development costs, Boeing received increased orders from Japan Airlines and All Nippon Air. The lowering of development costs and the gain of global market share are sound reasons for subcontracting jobs internationally. However, there is always the danger that The Boeing Company, and other multinationals following the same strategy, are creating future competitors. Boeing is aware of the potential downside of this strategy but their drive to compete in the short-run against the European Consortium Airbus Industries has outweighed the potential downside risk. It is hoped that cooperative ventures among Asian countries and The Boeing Company will be the opportunity for the future. Consequences of Downsizing Issues related to downsizing due to outsourcing can have serious consequences. For example, in March 1996, 3,000 United Auto Workers (UAW) struck at the Dayton, Ohio, GM Delphi Chassis brake, bearing, and parts manufacturing plant over the loss of 120 potential jobs that GM wanted to outsource to the Bosch Company. Although Bosch’s headquarter’s are located in Germany, the parts would have been manufactured by U. S. workers in a Bosch plant in South Carolina. However, these U. S. workers in South Carolina are not unionized. Because of the strike at GM’s Dayton plant, 26 of GM’s 29 North American automotive plants are ultimately idled due to a lack of parts from the striking plant. As a result, 117,375 fellow UAW workers were out of work stemming from the outsourcing issue (Healey, 1996). It was the longest auto strike since the GM strike in 1970. It is interesting to note that the final agreement that was ratified by both GM and the UAW reflected no change from their previous agreement: GM can purchase parts from other manufacturers if it gives its own parts plants the opportunity to match the bids from outsource firms. In September 1996, General Motors again faced a strike, this time by the Canadian Auto Workers about concerns over subcontracting of jobs to nonunion firms. This subcontracting of parts would result in additional downsizing, and less new hiring of union members (Maynard, 1996). You read "Boeing Case Study" in category "Essay examples" GM refused to accept the pattern established by Chrysler and Ford in Canada that restricted their ability to outsource to cut costs. Chrysler also faced difficulties during labor-management negotiations in September 1996, after an announcement of its plan to invest $315 million in vehicle plants in Brazil and Argentina. The union was upset about the potential outsourcing of jobs and loss of job security (Heinzl, Christian, and Puchalsky, 1996). The strike by the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers at The Boeing Company in the fall of 1995 was the result of two major issues: an industry downturn in aircraft orders, and subcontracting or job outsourcing. As subcontracting is more broadly implemented throughout the company, Boeing eventually plans to produce only 48% of its airplane’s components internally. Similar to GM, one of the company’s corporate goals is to have the freedom to subcontract work in low wage regions in the southern United States, Mexico, and Asia which threatens the job security of Boeings unionized workers. Now that the reasons for and the possible consequences of downsizing have been discussed, the planned design of Boeing’s successful downsizing of more than 55,000 employees can be described. This case study provides an example of how corporate downsizing can be achieved successfully through cooperative efforts and strong leadership among the various constituencies involved. Since the downsizing of almost 55,000 employees, The Boeing Company has not had one lawsuit filed against the company from any employees or their respective unions (Wetmore, 1996). The Downsizing At Boeing The Boeing Company, the city of Seattle, and the State of Washington were all very concerned about the impact of impending downsizing on Boeing workers as well as their communities. In a unique effort, representatives of the three entities worked together to supplement and support a program that addressed and is still addressing some of the negative effects of downsizing. Robert Reich, the former Secretary of Labor, along with Vice President Al Gore, heralded Boeing’s efforts as a successful method of integrating downsized workers into productive (i. e. non-minimum wage) jobs, and Boeing’s efforts have been held up as a model for organizations facing downsizing. The remainder of this paper reviews a brief case study of The Boeing Company’s efforts to address these issues. Boeing’s Reemployment Program In late 1989, the Boeing aircraft 747-400 was certified for use by commercial airlines. This was a large developmental effort that had consumed great amounts of resources during the late 1980s. At the completion of this project, however, it was clear to management that there was no future work for development team members. The airlines had essentially stopped ordering new airliners. In addition, the U. S. defense budget was taking severe cuts because of the collapse of the Soviet Union. The planning cycles for The Boeing company produced results that reflected the need to reduce several thousand employees over the next few years. Continuous reductions in Boeing’s workforce were necessary because of the declining business base and outsourcing contracts. In 1988, the WARN Act became effective which requires employers to give at least sixty days notice of impending layoffs to its employees. Boeing issued its first WARN notice in January 1990; layoffs were to begin in March 1990. The first and most important effort undertaken to mitigate any negative effects of this downsizing was the formation of the Employment Stability Board (ESB). The make-up of the ESB included the most senior executives of Boeing’s independent operating companies, as well as the senior functional officers for Engineering, Manufacturing, and Human Resources. These were individuals who could, and would, make decisions concerning redeployment of people across operating area boundaries, and even geological areas, if necessary. The Board met, and still continues to meet, on a monthly basis to make policy decisions concerning ground rules for any future downsizing the company may face. Previous reduction in the late 1960s were made with little coordination between operating areas. Horror stories abounded about one area laying off people while another area was hiring similarly skilled people. The ESB was determined not to see that happen again. The ESB met periodically with the unions representing the hourly and the engineering/technical employees in order to confirm the ESB’s desire to accomplish the reductions in the fairest possible manner. The ESB explored specific alternatives to downsizing. These included an early retirement leave of absence for those 53. years of age or more, a voluntary day off every second week, extended leaves of absence, loans of people to community agencies (educational and non-profit), increased use of part-time workers, and voluntary layoffs to save someone else’s job. Boeing also offered a one-time-only special retirement program that augments years of service and equivalent age to those over 55. Over 9,000 people accept ed this package. However, the number of employees who were, or soon would be without jobs was still very large. Design of the Reemployment Program The Boeing Reemployment Program (BRP)is a joint effort among business, labor, education, and government to provide dislocated Boeing workers a range of employment services on site. The concept arose from a joint Labor/Management Committee which was created in the wake of Boeing’s 1993 announcement that substantial downsizing would occur. To meet the numerous challenges and issues surrounding employee displacement, the Committee set out to coordinate the expertise and resources of The Boeing Company, unions, training institutions, and government agencies to provide outplacement and training/retraining opportunities for affected workers. The Committee itself was comprised of representatives of The Boeing Company, the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM), the Seattle Professional Engineering Employees Association, the State Board for Community and Technical Colleges Consortium, the IAM/Boeing Quality Through Training Program (IAM/QTTP), and representatives of the Private Industry Councils of King, Pierce, and Snohomish Counties. Representatives of the Washington State Employment Security Department, which acts as program operator, and the U. S. Department of Labor’s Region X office were ex-officio members of the committee. The government provided state and federal grant moneys; Boeing provided outplacement staff, office space, utilities, and equipment. The union provided outreach and counseling to its members (Wetmore, 1996). The Committee’s overarching goal was to develop an overall strategic plan to effectively address employment and training needs for displaced Boeing Aerospace workers. Its purpose was to provide the best approach to facilitate workers’ transitions to other employment opportunities and minimize the impact on publicly funded programs. The broad mission statement adopted by the Committee is stated below: To develop an overall strategic plan to effectively address employment and training opportunities for displaced Boeing workers (AFL-CIO HRDI Report, 1997). Members of the Committee oversaw two geographically dispersed Boeing Reemployment Centers (BRCs) located in Everett and Renton, Washington, and a satellite center in a third county. This group was very innovative in developing the BRP. One example of a significant innovation was the committee’s decision to create â€Å"one-stop† reemployment centers where displaced workers could receive a wide array of traditionally geographically separated benefits. Some of the varied services provided at the BRCs were intake, assessment, testing, job counseling, job search assistance, unemployment insurance claims assistance, resume preparation, computerized career planning, faxes and telephones for job search, enrollment in training (community colleges, on-the-job training, or vocational schools), entrepreneurial training, job placement services, and support services such as including child care referrals. These were all available to displaced workers at no charge. Another innovation was the creation of a consortium of 17 colleges to work closely with the BRCs. The consortium facilitated program participants’ access to course registration and scheduling, financial assistance, and counseling services. The IAM/QTTP provides education assistance of $2,500 per year for up to three years for laid-off IAM represented workers. Peer counselors at each reemployment center were former Boeing employees who helped clients connect with services and did job placement. Their shared Boeing backgrounds made it easier for the unemployed workers to talk bout their problems (AFL-CIO HRDI Report, 1997) Funding of the Downsizing Effort The Committee investigated established reemployment programs across the nation to determine the best approach to take when developing its own program. After considerable research, the Committee decided to pursue a partnership approach to access federal funds to compliment funds contributed by Boeing and the IAM. A proposal was submitted to the U. S. Department of Labor for 10. 2 million to accommodate approximately 3,800 dislocated Boeing workers. The request was urgent, given that the available public and private funds were inadequate to address the needs of the large numbers of Boeing workers being dislocated in the 1990s. After reviewing the request, the U. S. Department of Labor awarded an immediate grant of $5 million and an option to request additional funding should this amount be inadequate for the needs of the displaced workers. Since the Washington State Employment Security Department was experienced at administering Job Training Partnership Act Title III funds, it was elected to receive the National Reserve Grant on behalf of the Labor/Management Committee. The department’s role was to administer and operate the program. The success of the program was acknowledged in September 1994, when the U. S. Department of Labor awarded an additional $5. 2 million to the program to assist additional laid-off workers in Washington State. The largest proportion of this additional funding was allocated for longer-term training and money was earmarked for supportive services such as child care and transportation (Wetmore, 1996). Additional funding received in April 1995 added another $4. 5 million to program funds – just in time to assist the 6,000 Boeing workers who were targeted for layoffs during 1995. The grant total of 14. 7 million allowed the program to operate through June of 1997 and no additional funding was requested from the government. This time period was adequate to complete the existing training programs. Results Between 1990 and 1995, Boeing reduced its labor force by 32. 2%. Of the approximately 55,000 affected workers, about 40% (22,000) were laid-off while normal attrition, voluntary early retirements, and sale of assets accounted for 60% (33,000). The reductions were fairly linear across the years, although the 1995 reduction was slightly higher due to the 9,000 people who opted for the One-Time-Only Special Retirement Program. From 1990-1993, more hourly workers were laid-off, but 1994-1995 saw more salaried workers leave. The percent of reduction in management was 33% which approximates the total employee reduction of 32. 2% over the five years. To clarify, the total reduction of 55,000 employees equated to approximately two line employees for every supervisory/managerial person. This ratio was consistent with Boeing’s total workforce composition. However, line employees were downsized earlier in the 1990s while most managers took VOLUNTARY reductions during the sweetened early-out offers (Crocker, 1996. ) Approximately 26,000 of these workers were from the Puget Sound area in Washington State. From the time the BRCs opened in 1993, more than 10,000 laid-off Boeing workers utilized BRP services. A total of 52 managers were loaned to various community non-profit and state government agencies for periods ranging from one to tow years. More han 3,100 workers entered retraining programs were offered. More than 300 participants were enrolled in basic skills and English-as-a-second language courses. To assist them in starting their own businesses, 450 participants were enrolled in entrepreneurial training programs. In mid-1996, the Wall Street Journal reported that 61 former employees started their own businesses, and only two failed. A conversation with executives of The Boeing Company in May 1996, increased this figure to 80 new business start-ups with only two failures (Wetmore, 1997). According to Boeing press releases: A used book store and a fishing bait shop are new enterprises reported to e flourishing under the ownership of former Boeing employees. Other start-up businesses range from a trucking firm to a barbecue restaurant, a jewelry store, an auto repair shop, and a manufacturer of wood chips for cooking and smoking foods. At this time, additional lay-offs are not expected, and outsourcing is not now viewed as the real contributor to Boeing’s downsizing — business downturns have been identified as the real cause. The unions were the group which actually initiated the request for government funding, based on the Dislocated Worker Program and Trade Act. The Trade Act has funds available for workers who lose jobs based on foreign competition. Initially, Boeing did support the workers’ argument that foreign competition led to the downsizing. The fact that Airbus Industries is a major competitor was not something that Boeing wanted to make public. However, after an independent assessment, the Department of Labor announced in April 1994 that Boeing’s laid off workers were eligible for these funds which were the impetus for the company’s reemployment program. Epilogue As of June 1998, most of the employees who were laid off have returned to work at Boeing. However, the interesting question is whether or not the recalled employees are now employed in jobs utilizing their newly acquired skills gained from the Boeing Reemployment Program. According to a 1996 survey conducted by the Washington State University (for the Washington State Employment Security Department), about fifty percent of the recalled employees are now in positions using these new skills. Initially, most of the workers returned to their old jobs due to contractual recall rights provided for in the union contract; however, many were quickly upgraded to new positions due to their broadened skill base. As a result of the 1997 merger with McDonnell-Douglas Corporation in a $16. 3 billion acquisition, potential layoffs have been announced as the 60,000 M-D employees are merged with Boeing. While employee attrition is expected to account for most of the downsizing activity, some areas may require small-scale layoffs. The announcement of future shutdown of M-D product lines in Long Beach, California may result in additional downsizing. In Puget Sound, Boeing’s high production rates will require a stable workforce through the end of 1998. The â€Å"original players† that made up the Boeing Labor Management Committee continue to meet quarterly monitoring the potential for any downsizing activity and to be prepared for a rapid response to any layoff activity. Consequences of Downsizing: Leadership Lessons Learned In a recent interview with a member of the Labor Management Committee the following lessons have been learned from the Boeing downsizing experience: Program Lessons * Earlier involvement with local, state, and federal agencies through ongoing communication. Boeing and the involved unions taking leadership roles to guide development and operation of intervention services. The high degree of success of establishing one-stop centers and demonstrating that partnership between private business and public sector agencies can be highly effective. There are currently five one-stop centers operated by public sector agencies in Puget Sound. These centers will be key in any future Boeing downsizing activities. Fede ral agencies in Southern California have been in contact with the Puget Sound Labor Management Committee members for information and assistance in setting up a partnership to respond to downsizing activity. Leadership Lessons The role of a strong Labor Management Committee is essential. The membership needs to represent all the stakeholders both public and private sectors. The committee needs to provide leadership and direction. * A strong Program leader that understands the value of partnership and has communication skills to maintain open communications and coordination with all members of the partnership. * Each organization’s executive management must be willing to work together and be committed to change. * Effective leadership is open to innovative solutions to problems. How to cite Boeing Case Study, Free Case study samples